In an unexpected and emotionally significant development, Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar has tendered his resignation, citing persistent health complications that have affected his ability to perform his constitutional duties. The decision, though reportedly made after weeks of personal contemplation and consultations with close advisors, has come as a surprise to both ruling and opposition leaders alike. It raises urgent questions about constitutional processes, political implications, and the human side of public leadership.
India now stands at an important crossroads—not just politically, but institutionally—as one of the highest constitutional offices of the land becomes vacant at a critical juncture.
Who is Jagdeep Dhankhar?
Jagdeep Dhankhar has long been a prominent figure in Indian politics. A senior advocate by profession and former Union Minister, Dhankhar began his political career in the late 1980s. He gained national attention as a member of the Janata Dal and later as a BJP leader, eventually becoming Governor of West Bengal from 2019 to 2022. His confrontational yet constitutional approach during his governorship earned him both supporters and critics.
In August 2022, he was elected as India’s 14th Vice President, securing a comfortable victory with support from the National Democratic Alliance (NDA). As Vice President, he also held the position of Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha, where his sharp legal acumen was frequently on display.
Why Did He Resign?
According to confidential reports from within the Vice President’s Secretariat, Dhankhar has been facing recurring health issues for the past several months. These reportedly include complications related to cardiovascular health and mobility challenges, which began to impact his public appearances and official responsibilities.
While he had been attempting to manage these issues privately—attending sessions selectively, avoiding long-distance travel, and reducing public engagements—the pressure of his constitutional role made it unsustainable in the long run. A recent medical evaluation reportedly advised complete rest and long-term treatment, leading to the ultimate decision to step down.
His resignation letter, addressed to President Droupadi Murmu, is believed to contain a deeply personal note highlighting his gratitude for the opportunity to serve the nation, and regret for having to step down early.
What Happens Constitutionally When a Vice President Resigns?
The resignation of the Vice President triggers a well-defined constitutional process. Article 67(b) of the Constitution of India allows the Vice President to resign at any time by submitting a written notice to the President. Once accepted, the office falls vacant.
Unlike the sudden demise of a President or Prime Minister, the resignation of a Vice President is more procedural than disruptive, yet it is still significant.
- The Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha takes over the day-to-day responsibilities of presiding over the Rajya Sabha.
- The Election Commission of India is constitutionally mandated to conduct a new Vice Presidential election within six months from the date of vacancy.
- Until the new VP is elected, no replacement is appointed, though the Deputy Chairman can fulfill essential legislative duties.
Historical Precedents of Vice President Resignations
Vice Presidential resignations are extremely rare in Indian history. One of the few similar cases was that of V. V. Giri, who resigned in 1969 to contest the Presidential elections after the sudden demise of President Zakir Hussain. However, that was a political decision, not a health-related one.
Dhankhar’s resignation is notable because it stems from genuine health concerns, not political ambition or controversy. It could set a precedent for future leaders to prioritize personal health over protocol, a move that many political analysts believe is both brave and necessary.
Impact on Parliament’s Functioning
The Rajya Sabha, or the upper house of Parliament, is chaired by the Vice President. With Dhankhar’s exit, the chamber will temporarily operate under the guidance of the Deputy Chairman, currently Harivansh Narayan Singh. While this arrangement is constitutional, it may lack the same level of authority or political balance that a Vice President brings.
Moreover, the Monsoon Session of Parliament, expected to begin soon, could face delays or procedural challenges due to this unexpected resignation. The absence of a presiding officer with a Vice President’s stature may also influence debates and voting dynamics, especially on controversial bills.
Political Reactions Across the Spectrum
Leaders from across the political spectrum have expressed shock and respect over the resignation. Senior BJP leaders, including Union Home Minister Amit Shah and Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, have praised Dhankhar for his dignified service and acknowledged the strain of public office on personal health.
Opposition leaders like Mallikarjun Kharge and Sharad Pawar have called for transparency and swift action to ensure that the constitutional vacuum does not become a political opportunity. They’ve also subtly emphasized the need for a consensus candidate to restore balance in the upper house.
What Could This Mean Politically?
Although the Vice President does not play a central role in executive decision-making, the resignation could have ripple effects:
- It may give the ruling NDA an opportunity to appoint a politically strategic figure, possibly someone who can also serve as a bridge-builder in an increasingly polarized Parliament.
- Alternatively, it could become a symbolic opportunity for unity, should the ruling party choose a consensus candidate accepted by both sides.
- Speculations are already swirling about potential successors, with names like Smriti Irani, Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi, and Harivansh doing the rounds.
Should Health Disclosures Be Mandatory for Public Officials?
This incident has reignited discussions about mandatory health disclosures for high constitutional functionaries. Given the importance of physical and mental agility in roles like the President, Vice President, and Chief Ministers, many constitutional experts are pushing for:
- Annual health reports to be shared with a designated parliamentary committee
- Medical boards to evaluate the fitness of top officials after age 65
- A graceful resignation framework, allowing dignitaries to exit office with full respect and pension security if health fails
India’s Resilience Through Institutional Stability
Despite political changes and human vulnerabilities, India’s constitutional system remains robust. The resignation of a Vice President, while unfortunate, is not a crisis—it is an opportunity to demonstrate the strength of our democratic processes.
As elections are planned and new names emerge, the focus must remain on honoring public service, ensuring smooth transitions, and building a future where leadership and wellbeing can coexist.
FAQs
1. What were the main reasons for Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar’s resignation?
Ongoing health issues, including fatigue and cardiovascular concerns, reportedly led to his decision.
2. Who will take charge of the Rajya Sabha in his absence?
The Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha, Harivansh Narayan Singh, will preside over the proceedings temporarily.
3. When will the new Vice President be elected?
The Election Commission is expected to announce a schedule shortly. As per constitutional rules, it must happen within six months.
4. Is there any precedent for a Vice President resigning?
Yes, V. V. Giri resigned in 1969, but that was to contest the Presidential election.
5. What is the term length of the Vice President of India?
The Vice President holds office for a five-year term, but can resign earlier or be removed under special conditions.
6. Will Dhankhar receive any post-resignation benefits?
Yes, as a former Vice President, he is entitled to pension and security benefits, provided there is no legal disqualification.
7. Can he return to politics later?
Technically, yes—if his health allows, there’s no constitutional bar on re-entering active politics.
8. Does the resignation affect current government policies?
No, the Vice President’s role is largely legislative and ceremonial. Government policies remain unaffected.
9. Is this a political move in disguise?
There’s no evidence to suggest so. All indicators point to genuine health reasons.
10. What are the qualities expected in the next Vice President?
Legal knowledge, neutrality, political wisdom, and good health are key qualities often desired in a Vice President.
Conclusion
The resignation of Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar is a powerful reminder of the human dimension of public service. It brings to the fore questions of institutional readiness, health transparency, and the future of political leadership in India.
As the nation prepares to elect a new Vice President, the priority must remain on maintaining constitutional continuity, respecting Dhankhar’s contribution, and ensuring that the next occupant of the office is not just politically capable, but also physically fit and emotionally resilient. India’s democratic structure allows for such transitions—not with chaos, but with calm.
Report by Toofan Express